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In the context of gastric cancer, microsatellite instability (MSI) is associated with distinct clinicopathological features, including the intestinal histological type, the presence of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes, and a generally more favorable disease course. This review summarizes current

knowledge on the molecular basis of MSI, methods for its detection (immunohistochemistry, PCR using microsatellite marker panels, and next-generation sequencing), and discusses its prognostic and predictive value. According to large clinical studies and meta-analyses, MSI can serve as an independent favorable prognostic factor in patients with resectable GC and as a potential biomarker for responsiveness to immunotherapy. Additionally, MSI status may indicate reduced effectiveness of adjuvant chemotherapy, underscoring the importance of patient stratification and the implementation of personalized treatment strategies.

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In the context of globalization, the achievements of humanity, nations, and states are determined not by force but by the level of education and scientific development. In this regard, one of the key tasks of independent Kazakhstan is to provide young people with an education integrated with

science and to raise them as honest and responsible citizens. The complexity and importance of the educational process are recognized both by the international community and by experts in the field. However, education is not transmitted in an abstract form. In national unitary states, it is primarily directed toward representatives of a specific nation or ethnic group, taking into account their natural and spiritual needs. Therefore, forming national identity, cultural mindset, and self-consciousness among young people becomes one of the most pressing issues. In achieving this goal, the role of socio-humanitarian sciences is particularly significant. The purpose and scholarly relevance of this article lie in the analysis of the content of socio-humanitarian disciplines taught in higher educational institutions from political, social, and philosophical standpoints, as well as in discussing how these subjects should be taught in the future.
For the development of a well-rounded personality in modern youth, education is as essential as moral upbringing. While knowledge and science are tools that equalize nations, knowledge devoid of ethical values loses its true worth. This idea is reflected in the words of Al-Farabi: “Knowledge without education is the enemy of humanity”. Therefore, the interrelation between education and moral upbringing is indisputable.
As a result, the article concludes that the modern education system should not only produce professionally competent specialists but also individuals with social skills, a strong humanitarian culture, moral values, and civic responsibility. Serving an independent nation and one’s people should be regarded as a primary civic duty.

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Cardiac metastasis (CM) is significantly more common than primary cardiac tumors, with autopsy data showing a prevalence of 2.3% to 18.3%, which is 20-40 times higher than that of primary cardiac neoplasms. In patients with widespread metastatic disease, cardiac involvement is

observed in 14.2% of cases. However, metastasis to the heart from gastric cancer remains a rare phenomenon.
This report presents a clinical case of metastatic involvement of all cardiac layers (epicardium, myocardium, and endocardium) in a 53-year-old woman with undifferentiated signet-ring cell gastric carcinoma. Comprehensive clinical and postmortem investigations revealed multiple metastases to the lymph nodes, liver, adrenal glands, pancreas, and heart. Histological analysis confirmed tumor infiltration by signet-ring cells, microthrombosis, myolysis, and cardiomyocyte dystrophy. Immunohistochemistry demonstrated CK-positive expression.
This case highlights the importance of oncological vigilance in patients presenting with new cardiac symptoms and underscores the need for early diagnosis using echocardiography, IHC, and a multidisciplinary approach.

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The research chronology covers the development of the Kazakh intelligentsia from the pre-revolutionary period to the 1920s and 1930s. The authors analyzes the revolutionary events in Russia and their impact on Kazakhstan’s political development, as well as the participation of the Kazakh

intelligentsia in the national struggle for independence. The authors explores the biographies of the first female doctors, covering their medical, educational, and social activities not only in Kazakhstan but also in Central Asia. She also evaluates their significant contributions to healthcare, maternal welfare, and women’s rights. Based on the analysis of the research, press materials, and archival documents, a certain this article examines the role of women – representatives of the medical intelligentsia of Kazakhstan – Mubina Niyazova, Gulsum Asfendiyarova, and Elizaveta Bukeikhanova, in the development of healthcare and the socio-political life of the country in the early 20th century connection was revealed between doctors and the activities of the Kazakh people’s movement “Alash”. The aim of this study is to examine the contribution and legacy of the first female physicians to the development of healthcare and the socio-political life of Kazakhstan in the first quarter of the 20th century.
Methods. The study utilizes historical-biographical, sociocultural, and comparative methods.
Research results. It has been established that the first Kazakh women to receive higher medical education became pioneers in the field of professional medicine in a traditional society. Women in the medical profession made a significant contribution to reducing maternal and infant mortality and disseminating knowledge about sanitation and disease prevention.
Conclusions. The first female doctors in Kazakhstan made a significant contribution not only to the development of medicine but also to redefining the role of women in society. Their achievements became the starting point for subsequent changes in the status of women among the Kazakh people, and their memory remains an integral part of our national history.

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The article is dedicated to the 60th anniversary of Candidate of Medical Sciences, Associate Professor, Head of the Department of Internal Diseases No. 2, and Deputy Dean for Residency at the Marat Ospanov West Kazakhstan Medical University, Gulnara Lukpanovna Kurmanalina. The material

traces the key stages of her professional career: after graduating with honors from the Aktobe State Medical Institute in 1988, her first steps in practical healthcare, heading a therapeutic department, and then more than thirty years of teaching and scientific activity at her alma mater. Special attention is given to her Candidate’s dissertation on unstable angina, which became an important contribution to the development of national cardiology. Gulnara Lukpanovna is not only a researcher and educator but also a mentor who has trained several generations of young specialists. Her more than 120 publications, textbooks, and monographs, serve as a solid foundation for doctors and students. Under her leadership, the Department of Internal Diseases No. 2 has become a true school of professionalism, responsibility, and humanity.
An important part of her professional activity has been her participation in international expert committees and accreditation councils, which helped raise medical training to a new level. Gulnara Lukpanovna took part in the international multicenter studies EUROASPIRE VI and ICaReMe, contributing to the advancement of clinical cardiology and the epidemiology of non-communicable diseases. Thanks to her energy and authority, the university has strengthened its standing within the international medical community. Her attentiveness to colleagues and students, openness to dialogue, and commitment to fostering professional growth make Professor Kurmanalina not only a scientist and teacher but also a respected mentor. For her significant contribution to the development of healthcare in the Republic of Kazakhstan, she was awarded the honorary badge “Excellence in Healthcare”. This article pays tribute to her professionalism, integrity, and lifelong dedication to medicine and education.