Gastric cancer remains a leading cause of cancer incidence worldwide. An essential aspect of comprehensive strategies to reduce the incidence of malignant neoplasms is the development of effective early diagnostic methods.
Purpose. This study explores the relationship between the expression of the cell proliferation marker Ki-67 and various factors, including age, gender, disease stage, and tumor differentiation, utilizing immunohistochemical analysis
Methods. This comparative descriptive study involved surgical specimens from 109 patients with gastric cancer stages 0-IIIC, collected during operations at the pathology department of Marat Ospanov Medical Center between 2021 and 2022. Histological and immunohistochemical evaluations were conducted in the morphological laboratory of the Department of Histology at WKMU. The data obtained were subjected to statistical analysis.
Results. Our findings revealed a significant correlation between Ki-67 expression levels and the histopathological grade of gastric cancer (p=0.039). However, no statistically significant relationships were observed between Ki-67 expression and other factors such as pTNM stage (p=0.894), age (p=0.664), gender (F=1, M=2; p=0.928), or tumor localization (cardiac=1, body=2, antral and pyloric=3; p=0.860).
Conclusion. The significant relationship between Ki-67 expression and histopathological grade (p=0.039) suggests its potential utility in identifying patients with aggressive tumors who may benefit from adjuvant therapy.